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Chemistry appears to be too difficult and challenging and many students fail the subject. Chemistry is the bane of high school life for many students. Rather than relying on your high school chemistry teacher for good chemistry grades, why not put in some serious effort yourself? Here are some common mistakes that many high schools students like you, have done and how you can avoid them.

Procrastination

You think why study chemistry today when the concepts you are taught are pretty easy, right? Wrong. The first few days of your chemistry class might seem very easy to you but you have to start studying from the beginning to get a thorough understanding of the subject.

Quiz or no quiz, study at least 10 minutes on a daily basis. This will save you from cramming when your test is approaching. Each concept is linked to another one and you need to build concept upon concept. Laying a bad foundation of chemistry won't help you in the long run.

Insufficient math practice

It is chemistry, what do you need math for? Top balance equations and perform unit conversions. Work chemistry problems daily and show them to someone.

Always do them the way you are supposed to do them in your test and exams by including units and full working. Make data of knowns and unknowns required to clarify problem.

Passing away the text

Not putting in time to read text is a mistake you should totally avoid. Same goes for any lab manuals you are required to read. A book is necessary for home assignments. Read the book even if you take down notes in lectures to give you a detailed understanding.

Your high school chemistry teacher sometimes might not cover everything in the class. They will leave some reading for you. Read the chapters at home and ask teachers to explain concepts you don't understand.

Believe in yourself

Believe you can understand chemistry concepts. If you believe you are capable of learning chemistry, you will be motivated into doing it.

Copying answers

This includes not just copying from your friends but also from the worked answers at the back of book and study guides. They are there to facilitate you in learning, not cheating in homework assignments. Do your assignments yourself so you have ample practice for tests.


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Radiologists, radiology technicians and students pursuing their education for future careers in this field may all have one glaring concern - what are the health risks of radiation exposure? While teachers and employers will undoubtedly assure students and professionals of their safety, the underlying fear may still persist. This is normal. It's important to know there really isn't anything to worry about, and that you put yourself at a much higher risk every time you get into a car. While freak accidents are always a possibility, the same can be said of virtually any career. The following information may be of assistance.

The Potential Risks

There are some potential risks for radiologic professionals, as there are for all other health care professionals. There is a certain level of exposure to ionizing radiation during the daily functions of the job. This is why every state has regulatory agencies that impose rules and requirements to ensure workers' safety in this medical field. You can easily find information about your state's rules and regulations online, and contact the appropriate agency for more information. There is no way to tell any individual radiology professional what amount of radiation they are being exposed to without knowing the details of their job, since every workplace and state is different. But rest assured that state rules and regulations are set up to ensure that no worker is exposed to an unsafe amount of ionizing radiation.

More Resources to Learn about Radiation Risks

If you would like to do some additional research about the potential radiation risks for radiologists and radiology technicians, there are several reputable online resources to peruse. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists website, Health Physics Society site, Idaho State University Health Physics website, Radiation Effects Research Foundation site and University of Michigan website are all great places to start. You can do your own research by reading the information that is available or, if you don't find exactly what you're looking for, many reputable websites such as these offer forums where you can ask your own questions and have them answered.


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Dr. Homi J Bhabha is a respected name in the field of theoretical research in Physics. In 1937 while at work in England he propounded what has come to be known as the Bhabha-Heitler cascade theory. This theory concerned the electron showers in cosmic rays which bombard the earth from all directions. To understand this theory it is important to understand a few simple facts that this theory touches

  1. Cosmic Rays. These rays were discovered in 1912 by Victor Hess. This discovery came after he found that as he went up in a balloon with an electroscope, it discharged more rapidly. An electroscope is an instrument to detect the presence of electric charge. He was able to attribute these phenomena to a new source of radiation and subsequently won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1937.
  2. Electron/Proton. The basic constitution of these rays is electrons and Protons. These are sub-atomic particles and form a major component of the said rays.

Bhabha-Heitler Theory

Bhabha working in conjunction with Heitler propounded the cascade theory of showers of these Cosmic rays in 1937. The Bhabha-Heitler theory brought out the fact that these which are composed of electrons, protons and gamma rays strike the earth from all directions. This was a known phenomena, but it was not understood what happened after that. Bhabha-Heitler theory showed that when these components of Cosmic rays enter the earth's atmosphere they collide with the atoms in the atmosphere. These collisions result in forming a new set of particles. Bhabha and Heitler's theory explains the process and effects of these collisions and the result. They showed that these collisions led to a cascade effect and the number of particles increased after collisions.

A schematic diagram as given above explains the break up of the rays as they enter the atmosphere.

The significance of Bhabha and Heitler's work lies in the fact that it is a straight forward verification of Albert Einstein theory of relativity. The duo by mathematical formulae was able to arrive at numerical estimates of the number of electrons in the cascade process as they entered the atmosphere and collided with the electrons. They were able to calculate the energies of the electrons at different altitudes.


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What Are Computer Scientists Sealing Their Fate By Programming AI Software to Do Research Science?

It seems every day we look around, computers, robotics, and artificial intelligence are taking the jobs of humans. As a former employer it's difficult for me to give you an opinion of all of this that you will be satisfied with, and that is because I've watched some of the shenanigans that human beings attempt to pull while they are gainfully employed. Now then, I would like to talk to you about this challenge we have with our ever-increasing and advancing technology in the present period.

As the coordinator for a think tank, as we work on ways to improve efficiencies in business, industry, government, military, energy, water, education, transportation, healthcare, and economics. It seems that artificial intelligence, robotics, and computers are the answer to attaining such productivity and efficiency. Thus, at this level, and for the computer scientists that do the research, I'd say we are somewhat unfazed with the unintended consequences that this might cause the future. In fact, until it affects us personally, it's doubtful that we will be bothered by such triviality in our quest to better these technologies.

Nevertheless, I would like to ask the question which happens to be the title of this article; "are our computer scientists inadvertently sealing their own fate by doing research and programming the latest artificial intelligent software, robotics, and computers which will use these new algorithmic schemes?" The answer is yes, and we don't have to look too far to understand that the challenge is already here. After all, what was the first thing that they wanted to use IBM's "Watson" Supercomputer for once it won "Jeopardy" and outscored the top humans in the game?

That's right, they put it to work doing medical and healthcare research. Being able to scan all the human research all over the planet, while making connections and cross pollinating ideas is something that this new computer is highly suited for, and therefore humans will not be needed to do the same thing. In fact, once they train these artificial intelligent computers to start asking their own questions, is about the time when humans may not be needed at all. Now one might say humans will be needed to make the prototypes, set up the Petri dishes, and do all the work, but they won't be doing any of the thinking, and we can hire interns for that Petri dish work.

Put sample A and Petri dish A-147 Blue, and put sample the in Petri dish A-155 Red.

But really if our goal is fairly simple instructions, then couldn't a robot do that? In that case, in the future we may not need human researchers and scientists at all, and therefore they may be programming themselves out of work as we speak. Still, as an online article writer, the AI software scientists are busy programming computers to write literature, so I suppose my days and writing career are numbered as well; A-160 Green. Are you beginning to hear my point, and see what I mean?


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Teragainx is proud to be the exclusive North American distributor of Dr. Higa's EM Technology, including the world renown EM-1 Effective Microorganisms, EM Bokashi and EM Ceramics. EM Technology® utilizes predominantly facultative microorganisms to enhance agricultural, medical and nutritional processes and products. These naturally-occurring organisms have proven highly effective in a diverse array of applications, from livestock odor control to micronutrient fertilizer amendment and even as a part of daily probiotic cleanse supplement.

EM Technology® embraces the fact that certain microbes are the cornerstone of a properly functioning ecosystem, be that system your garden, a pond, a compost pile, a livestock farm or your digestive tract. It harnesses the power of naturally-occurring microbes such as lactic acid bacteria, photosynthethetic bacteria, and beneficial yeast to positively influence the decomposition process. As Dr. Higa explains, decomposition of organic matter is a necessary part of a healthy environment and is, in fact, a "life promoting" process.

A professor in the Department of Agriculture at the University of Ryukyus in Okinawa, Japan, Dr. Teruo Higa has revolutionized sustainable agriculture through his development of EM Technology. His company is structured upon 8 key principals: low cost, high quality, safety, convenience, co-existence, co-prosperity, exchange of information, and sustainability. The company strives to reflect the product it produces. The microorganisms of EM-1 co-exist, co-prosper, exchange information, are sustainable, safe, efficient, and highly effective. If only human behavior could mimic these simple microbes.

These beneficial microorganisms are found is all aspects of nature, from rock crevices to your digestive tract! For this reason, their applications are myriad. Best of all, it is 100% organic, completely natural and will not contaminate your environments or aggravate chemical sensitivities.

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The oil and gas industry is one of the most profitable economic sectors in the world. Many people are investing in it because of the hefty returns it generates. Although this is the case, the industry poses many risks. It is important that all team members - from simple employees to top executives - know what they are dealing with. Education and safety are the two keys to success. The best way to ensure that everyone is informed is through oil and gas training courses.

These programs promote interest, efficiency, and effectiveness to everyone in the workforce. These attributes will help you provide quality services to your clients. Moreover, customised oil and gas courses can put you ahead of the competition.

There are several options when it comes to training and education about the oil and gas industry. The best way to go about it, however, is by hiring an exceptionally knowledgeable organisation. Seek companies that employ tenured subject matter experts (SMEs). These professionals have the experience and knowledge to provide well-informed training sessions and lectures.

Oil and gas training courses cover a wide range of topics. Subjects covered will depend mostly on the course provider. While there are standard topics, some organisations are open to the idea of specially made learning modules. Seek organisations offering such services if you feel there are bases worth highlighting. The following are some of the more common areas of discussion with most oil and gas courses.

Quality, health, safety and environment (QHSE) - These are the four pillar components of corporate management. This promotes awareness based on the belief that human errors cause accidents and are avoidable with proper training. Some of the integral discussion points under this topic include introductions to health and safety, work quality, and risk assessment. Other subjects may include stress management as well as a range of general issues.

This is especially important to the oil and gas industry because of the different materials encountered. People working in this sector always have to be on their toes and know what to do. This discussion point can help.

Technology Education - The industry makes use of numerous tools and technologies. Familiarity and further knowledge about key aspects of the sector will promote efficiency. Look for learning modules that contain discussions on topics like hydraulics and pneumatics. Be certain that the course also touches up on pipelines and instrumentation as well as basic math.

Oil and Gas - A lecture is not complete if it does not cover the namesake of the industry itself. Everyone involved should know about its history and geology. It is also important to have in-depth knowledge about rigs and installation, drilling, and the overall production process. Onsite training will come in handy and this is something you should seek in an organisation.